Off to the Wilds: Being the Adventures of Two Brothers — Context and Discussion

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Fenn, George Manville, 1831-1909, Hildibrand, Henri Théophile, 1824-1897 [Illustrator], Riou, Edouard, 1833-1900 [Illustrator] Project Gutenberg 2007 Not confirmed
Hunting stories; Brothers -- Juvenile fiction; Adventure and adventurers -- Juvenile fiction; South Africa -- Juvenile fiction Readers of public-domain and historical texts
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Words 100,267
Reading time 436 min
Text sections 11

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An editorial note examining George Manville Fenn's use of dialect, observation, and comic detail in this South African adventure, focusing on the authorial choices in dialogue and description.
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There was something very laughable in the scene, for it did not seem to occur to the Zulu boy that he required anything else to add to his costume. He had on one English boot, the same as the white men wore, and that seemed to him sufficient, as he stuck his arms akimbo, then folded them as he walked with head erect, and ended by standing on one leg and holding out the booted foot before his admiring companion. This was too much for the other boy, whose eyes glittered as he made a snatch at the boot, dragged it off, and was about to leap up and run away; but his victim was too quick, for, lithe and active as a serpent, he dashed upon the would-be robber, and a fierce struggle ensued for the possession of the boot.

John Rogers, otherwise Jack, a frank English lad of about sixteen, sprang forward to separate the combatants, but Dinny, his father's servant, who had been groom and gardener at home, restrained him.

"No, no, Masther Jack," he cried, "let the young haythens fight it out. It'll make them behave betther by-an'-by."

"I won't; I don't like to see them fight," cried Jack, slipping himself free, and seemingly joining in the fray.

"Don't, Masther Jack," cried Dinny; "they'll come off black on your hands. Masther Dick, sir, tell him to lave them alone."

The lad appealed to, a pale delicate-looking youth, clenched his fists and sprang forward to help his brother. But he stopped directly and began to laugh, as, after a short scuffle, Jack Rogers separated the combatants, and stood between them with the boot in dispute.

For a moment it seemed as if the two Zulu lads were about to make a combined attack, but there was something about the English lad which restrained them, and they stood chattering away in their native tongue, protesting against his interference, and each laying claim to the boot.

"Speak English," cried Jack. "And now you two have got to shake hands like Englishmen, and make friends."

"Want a boot! want a boot! want a boot!" the Zulu lads kept repeating.

"Well, you do as I tell you, and you shall each have a pair of boots."

"Two boot? Two boot?" cried the boy who had lost his treasure.

"Yes; two boots," said Jack. "You've got an old pair, haven't you, Dick?"

"Yes; they can have my old ones," was the reply. "Go and get them, Dinny."

"And my old lace-ups too," said Jack.

"Ugh!" ejaculated Dinny, spitting on the ground in token of disgust. "Ye'll both repint being such friends with cannibal savages like them, young gentlemen. They'll turn round on ye some day, and rend and ate ye both."

"Not they, Dinny," laughed Jack. "They'd prefer Irishmen, so we should be safe if you were there."

"Ah, ye may laugh," said Dinny, "but they're a dangerous lot, them savages, and I wouldn't trust 'em the length of my fut."

Dinny went towards the back door of Mr Rogers' roomy, verandah-surrounded cottage farm, high up in the slopes of the Drakensberg, and looking a perfect bower with its flowers, creepers, and fruit-trees, many being old English friends; and Jack proceeded to make peace between the two Zulu boys.

"Now look here, Sepopo, you've got to shake hands with your brother," he cried.

"No!" cried the Zulu boy who had been lying down when he snatched the boot, and he threw himself in a monkey-like attitude on all fours.

"Now you, Bechele, you've got to make friends and shake hands," continued Jack, paying no heed to Sepopo's defiant attitude.

"No!" cried the last-addressed, emphatically. "'Tole a boot! 'Tole a boot!" And he too plumped himself down upon all fours and stared at the ground.

"I say yes!" cried Jack; when, as if moved by the same influence, the two Zulu boys leaped up, ran a few yards, and picked up each his "kiri," a short stick with a knob at the end nearly as big as the fist, ran back to where the English lads were standing, and with flashing eyes began to beat the sand with their clubs.

"Come along, Dick!" cried Jack. "They shan't fight. You take Sepopo, I'll take Bechele. No; don't! It will make you hot, and you're not strong. I'll give it them both."

Jack, who was very strong and active for his age, made a dash at the young Zulus just as they began threatening each other and evidently meaning to fight, when for a few moments there was a confused struggle, in which Jack would not have been successful but for his brother's help, he having overrated his strength. But Dick joined in, and in spite of their anger the Zulu boys did not attempt to strike at their young masters, the result being that they allowed their kiris to be wrenched from their hands, and the next minute were seated opposite to each other on the ground.

"They're as strong as horses, Dick," panted Jack. "There! Now, you sirs, shake hands!"

"No!" shouted the other; and with a make believe of fierceness, Jack gave each what he called a topper on the head with one of the kiris he held.

"Now will you make friends?" cried Jack; and again they shouted, "No!"

"They won't. Let them go," said Dick, languidly; "and it makes one so hot and tired."

"They shan't go till they've made friends," said Jack, setting his teeth; and thrusting his hand into his pocket he brought out a piece of thick string, the Zulu boys watching him intently.

They remained where Jack had placed them, and going down on one knee he seized the right hand of each, placed them together, and proceeded to tie them--pretty tightly too.

"There!" cried Jack. "Now you stop till you're good friends once more."

"Good boy now," cried one on the instant.

"Good boy now," cried the other.

"Then shake hands properly," said Jack.

"Give him the boot," cried Sepopo, as soon as his hand was untied, and he had gone through the required ceremony with his brother.

"No, no; give him the boot," cried the other.

"Hold your tongues," cried Jack. "I say, Dick, let's call them something else if they are going to stop with us, Sepopo! Bechele! What names!"

"Well," said Dick, languidly, as he sat down in a weary fashion: "one's going to be your boy, and the other mine. Let's call them `Black Jack' and `Black Dick.'"

"But they are brown," said his brother.

"Yes, they are brown certainly," said Dick, thoughtfully. "Regular coffee colour. You might call one of them `Coffee.'"

"That'll do," said Jack, laughing, "`Coffee!' and shorten it into `Cough.' I say, Dick, I'll have that name, and I can tell people I've got a bad `Cough.' But what will you call the other?"

"I don't know. Stop a moment--`Chicory.'"

"And shorten it into `chick'. That will do, Dick; splendid! Cough and Chick. Now you two, one of you is to be Cough and the other Chick; do you hear?"

The Zulu boys nodded and laughed, though, in spite of the pretty good knowledge of the English language which they had picked up from their intercourse with the British settlers, it is doubtful whether they understood the drift. What they did comprehend, however, was, that they should make friends; and this being settled, there was the old boot.

"Give me boot, and show you big snake," cried Chicory.

"No, no, give me; show more big snake," cried Coffee.

Just then Dinny came up with two old pairs of the lads' boots, which he threw down upon the sandy earth; and reading consent in their young masters' eyes, the Zulu lads pounced upon them with cries of triumph, Coffee obtaining the two rights, and Chicory the two lefts, with which they danced about, flourishing them over their heads with delight.

"Come here, stupids!" cried Jack; and after a little contention, the boys being exceedingly unwilling to part as they thought with their prizes, he managed to make them understand that the boots ought to go in pairs; and the exchange having been made, each boy holding on to a boot with one hand till he got a good grip of the other, they proceeded to put them on.

"Ugh! the haythen bastes," said Dinny, with a look of disgust. "Think of the likes o' them wearing the young masthers' brogues. Ah, Masther Dick, dear, ye'll be repinting it one of these days."

"Dinny, you're a regular prophet of evil," said Dick, quietly.

"Avic--prophet of avil!" cried Dinny. "Well, isn't it the truth? Didn't I say avore we left the owld counthry that no good would come of it? And avore we'd been out here two years didn't the dear misthress-- the saints make her bed in heaven--go and die right away?"

"Dinny! how can you!" cried Jack, angrily, as he saw the tears start into his brother's eyes, and that in spite of the sunburning he turned haggard and pale.

"Don't take any notice, Dick," he whispered, in a tender, loving way, as he laid one arm on his brother's shoulder and drew him aside. "Dinny don't mean any harm, Dick, but he has such a long tongue."

Dick looked piteously in his brother's face, and one tear stole softly down his cheek.

"I say, Dick," cried Jack, imploringly, "don't look like that. It makes me think so of poor mamma. You look so like her. I say don't, or you'll make me cry too; and I won't," he cried, grinding his teeth. "I said I'd never cry again, because it's so childish; and I won't."

"Then I'm childish, Jack," said Dick, as he rubbed the tear away with one hand.

"No, no. You have been so weak and delicate that you can't help it. I'm strong. But I say, Dick, you are ever so much stronger than when we came out here."

"Yes," said Dick, with a wistful look at his brother's muscular arms. "I am stronger, but I do get tired so soon, Jack."

"Not so soon as you did, Dick; and father says you'll be a strong man yet. Hallo! what's the matter? Look there."

The brothers turned round, and hardly knew whether to laugh or to be alarmed; for a short distance away there was Dinny dancing about, waving his arms and shouting, while Coffee and Chicory, each with his kiri, were making attacks and feints, striking at the Irishman fiercely.

"Ah, would you, ye black baste?" shouted Dinny, as roaring now with laughter the brothers ran back.

"Shoo, Shoo! get out, you dirty-coloured spalpeen. Ah, ye didn't. Kape off wid you. An' me widout a bit of shtick in me fist. Masther Dick, dear! Masther Jack! it's murthering me the two black Whiteboys are. Kape off! Ah, would ye again! Iv I'd me shtick I'd talk to ye both, and see if your heads weren't thick as a Tipperary boy's, I would. Masther Dick! Masther Jack! they'll murther me avore they've done."

As aforesaid, the two Zulu boys had picked up a great deal of the English language, but their understanding thereof was sometimes very obscure. In this instance they had heard Dinny talking to his young masters in a way that had made the tears come in Dick's eye, and driven him and Jack away. This, in the estimation of the Zulu boys, must be through some act of cruelty or insult. They did not like Dinny, who made no attempt to disguise his contempt for them as "a pair of miserable young haythens," but at the same time they almost idolised the twin brothers as their superiors and masters, for whom they were almost ready to lay down their lives.

Here then was a cause for war. Their nature was to love and fight, as dearly as the wildest Irishman who was ever born. Dinny had offended their two "bosses"--as they called them, after the fashion of the Dutch Boers, and this set their blood on fire.

Hardly had the brothers walked away than, as if moved by the same spirit, they forgot the beauty of the old boots in which they had been parading--to such an extent that they kicked them off, and kiri in hand made so fierce an attack upon unarmed Dinny that, after a show of resistance, he fairly took to his heels and ran back to the house, just as the brothers came up.

"Popo give him kiri," cried Chicory.

"Bechele de boy make Boss Dinny run," cried the other, his eyes sparkling with delight. "No make de boss cry eye any more."

"No make Boss Dick cry eye any more," repeated Chicory.

The brothers looked at each other as they comprehended the meaning of the attack.

"Why, Jack," said Dick, "what faithful true fellows they are. They'll never leave us in a time of trouble."

"No, that they won't," cried Jack; and just then a tall, stern, sunburnt man, with grizzled hair and saddened eyes, came up to where they stood. Laying his hand affectionately on the shoulder of Dick,--

"Come, my boys," he said, "dinner is ready. Let's be punctual while we are leading a civilised life."

"And afterwards, father, as punctual a life as we can," said Dick, smiling.

"Hurray!" cried Jack, giving his cap a wave in the air. "Only another week, and then, father--"

"Yes," said Mr Rogers, with a quiet, sad look, "then, my boy, good-bye to civilisation."

"Only for a time, father," said Dick, quietly.

"Till you win health and strength, my boy," said Mr Rogers, with an affectionate glance.

"And that we'll soon find," cried Jack; "for we are off to the wilds."

It was about two years before this that Mr Edward Rogers, a gentleman holding a post of importance in the City of London, had purchased some land and come out to dwell in Natal. For physician after physician had been consulted, seaside and health resort visited, but as the time glided on the verdict of the doctors became more and more apparent as a true saying, that unless Mrs Rogers was taken to a warmer climate her days would be few.

Even if she were removed the doctors said that she could not recover; but still her days might be prolonged. What was more, they strongly advised such a course in favour of young Richard, who was weak and delicate to a degree.

"Then you really consider it necessary?" said Mr Rogers to the great physician who had been called in.

"I do indeed. As I have said, it will prolong your wife's days, and most probably it will turn that delicate, sickly boy into a strong man."

On being asked further what country he would recommend, he promptly replied,--

"Natal is the place," he continued. "There you have the Drakensberg, and you can choose your own elevation, so as to get a pure, temperate climate, free from the cold of the mountains and the heat of the plains."

Mr Rogers was a man of prompt action, for the health of those dear to him was his first consideration. The consequence was that after rapidly making his arrangements, and providing the necessaries for his new home, he took passage to Durban, arrived there in safety with his wife, two sons, and Dennis; then made his way to Maritzburg; and soon after he had purchased an extensive tract of land, and a pleasantly situated home, with garden in full perfection, the owner of which, having made money in the colony, wished to retire to England.

Here for a time Mrs Rogers had seemed better, and undoubtedly her life was considerably prolonged. Gardening, farming, and a little hunting formed the occupations of the father and sons, and for a time all was happiness in the sunny far-off home. Then the much-dreaded day came, and they were left to mourn for a tender wife and mother, whose loss was irreparable.

Richard, who partook greatly of his mother's nature, was, like his father, completely prostrated by the terrible loss; and though time somewhat assuaged his grief, he seemed to have gone back in his health, and lost the way he had made up since he left England, and he had become so weak and delicate that Mr Rogers had consulted the doctor, who from time to time visited their far-off home.

"Medicine is of no use, my dear sir," he said frankly. "I can do him no good. I suppose he sits indoors a good deal and mopes?"

"Then look here, my dear sir, give him a thorough change. You are not tied to your farming in any way?"

"Then fit up a waggon, take your horses, and have a few months' campaign in the wilds yonder. You want a change as badly as the boy, and you will both come back, I'll venture to say, doubled in strength. Why, the ivory and skins you'll collect will pay your expenses. I wish I had the chance to go."

It was settled then, and the waggon was being fitted up with ammunition and stores; horses, guaranteed to be well-salted, had been purchased for Mr Rogers and his boys. The two young Zulus who had been hanging about the place for months, making little trips with Dick and Jack, were to go; and in addition a couple of trustworthy blacks, experienced as waggon-driver and foreloper, had been engaged; so that in a very few days they would say good-bye to civilisation for months, and go seek for health in the far-off wilds.

The boys were delighted, for Mr Rogers proposed that they should aim for the Zambesi River, and seek some of the seldom-traversed lands, where game abounded, and where the wonders of nature would be opened to them as from an unsealed book.

If Dick and Jack were delighted, the two Zulu boys were half mad with joy. As soon as they knew that they were to be of the party they seemed to have become frantic, going through the actions of hunting and spearing wild beasts--knocking down birds with their kiris, which they threw with unerring aim--pantomimically fighting lions, one of them roaring and imitating the fierce creature's "oomph, oomph," in a way that sounded terribly real, while the other threatened him with his assegai.

Then they were always showing their cleverness as hunters by stalking people--crawling up to them through the long grass, taking advantage of every irregularity of the ground or shrub to get nearer, and grinning with delight on seeing the surprise and fear of the person stalked.

For it was only during the past year that they had been so much amongst the settlers in Natal. Their early days had been spent with their tribe in the north, their father being a redoubtable chief; but he had given great offence to the king, and had been compelled to fly for his life, finding refuge amongst the English, with his boys.

Mention has been made of well-salted horses, which to a sailor would immediately suggest commissariat beef in pickle in good-sized tubs; but pray don't imagine that the satisfactory condiment, salt, has anything to do with a salted horse in South Africa. A salted horse is one that is seasoned to the climate by having passed through the deadly horse sickness, a complaint so bad and peculiar to the land that very few of the horses seized with it recover. When one does recover he is called a salted--that is, seasoned--horse, and his value is quadrupled.

Mr Rogers had spared no expense in getting together good cattle. His team of little Zulu oxen were the perfection of health and strength, and far more docile than is generally the case with these animals; though even these, in spite of their good behaviour, were exceedingly fond of tickling each other's ribs with their long horns, and saving the driver trouble, for the pair nearest the waggon would stir up the pair in front of them, and as these could only retaliate on their aggressors with their tails, they took their revenge on the pair in front; these again punished the pair in front; and so on, and on, to the leading oxen, the result of the many applications being a great increase of speed.

Then the horses were excellent. Mr Rogers had three for his own riding; a big bay, a dark grey, and a soft mouse-coloured chestnut, more famous for speed than beauty, and with a nasty habit of turning round and smiling, as if he meant to bite, when he was mounted.

From the opening scene, George Manville Fenn establishes a distinctive voice through the Irish brogue of Dennis Riley, or “Dinny,” whose comic asides and exaggerated threats—such as “I’d like the job o’ washing him”—immediately set a tone of affectionate mockery. The narrative eye lingers on small, telling details: a Zulu boy stuffing a boot with dry grass, the sand running out of a gap “between the upper leather and the sole.” These observations ground the adventure in tangible, often humorous, particulars.

Dialect as Characterization

Fenn uses dialect not merely as local color but as a tool for characterization. Dinny’s speech is peppered with Irish idioms—“Shure an’ it’s one of the masther’s owld boots”—and his protests against silence are themselves loquacious. The contrast between his garrulousness and the boys’ terse commands (“Hold your tongue”) creates a dynamic of authority and resistance. The Zulu boys, Coffee and Chicory, speak in short, direct phrases (“Chicory find him; look!”), their language stripped of ornament, reflecting their role as guides and observers. This linguistic layering gives each character a distinct auditory presence.

The Comic Undercurrent of Danger

Even in moments of peril, Fenn leavens tension with absurdity. When a crocodile nearly seizes Peter, the scene is described with a straight-faced irony: “Peter being a particularly cleanly man had taken a pair of his linen drawers down.” The juxtaposition of mundane laundry with life-threatening reptiles underscores the characters’ obliviousness. Similarly, Dinny’s warning—“Here’s Pater being swallowed down by one of thim great crocodivils!”—mixes panic with malapropism. These touches prevent the adventure from becoming grim, reminding readers that the boys are still playing at exploration.

The Narrative Gaze: Observation Over Action

Fenn’s descriptive style favors patient observation over rapid plot advancement. The opening chapter devotes several paragraphs to a Zulu boy trying on a boot, noting his “serious aspect” and “smile of gratified pride.” Later, the boys watch a crocodile’s blood rise “through the clear water” in “threads.” These moments slow the pace, inviting readers to see the world through the characters’ curious eyes. The narrator often steps back to remark on the scene’s “laughable” quality, as when Chicory’s eating habits provoke Dinny’s disgust and the dogs’ envy. This observational stance aligns with the boys’ own learning process.

Voice and Structure in Dialogue

Fenn’s dialogue is structured to reveal hierarchy and relationship. The boys address their father as “father” only after Dinny corrects Jack, insisting that in “savage parts” the term “papa” is inappropriate. This small exchange signals a shift from English domesticity to colonial adventure. The brothers’ speech is often interchangeable, but Dinny’s interruptions and the Zulu boys’ minimal replies create a polyphonic texture. Fenn also uses dialogue to deliver exposition: when Mr. Rogers says “I think that will do for to-day, boys,” he simultaneously advances the plot and reinforces his role as the expedition’s cautious leader.

Readers attentive to Fenn’s authorial choices will find a work that balances adventure with a keen eye for the absurd. The narrative rewards those who listen to its voices—from Dinny’s blarney to Chicory’s terse observations—and who notice the small, odd details that make the wilds feel lived in. Rather than a straightforward hunt, this is a story about how the boys learn to see, and how the author chooses to show them doing so.

Years spent shelving these tales taught me that adventure often rests on quiet noticing. Fenn’s brothers track dialect and dust, while the Florida girls track sunshine and friendship — different latitudes, same delighted attention to small, comic details. I find that kinship comforting, like recognizing an old friend’s laugh in another room. The Outdoor Girls in Florida; Or, Wintering in the Sunny South — Context and Discussion holds that same gentle warmth.

Ava Nelson
1 month ago

4.5
4.5 out of 5 (6 User reviews )

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  • ...
    Hannah Johnson - 1 month ago
    This is an exciting adventure story, true to its genre, with plenty of encounters with wildlife and the challenges of the wild. The brothers are likeable and their courage is admirable. However, the book is very much a product of its time, with dated colonial attitudes and some slow parts. If you can overlook that, it's a solid piece of historical fiction that will keep you entertained.

  • ...
    Andrea Flores - 1 month ago
    Off To The Wilds captures the essence of adventure with two brothers exploring the African wilderness. The descriptions are vivid and immersive, making you feel the heat of the savannah and the thrill of tracking game. It's a classic tale of survival, brotherhood, and respect for nature. The pacing is steady, and the bond between the brothers is heartwarming. A must-read for fans of classic adventure stories.

  • ...
    Janet Ortega - 3 weeks ago
    I found this book to be tedious and problematic. The hunting scenes are graphic and glorify the killing of animals, which I found disturbing. The characterizations are shallow, and the plot is just a series of encounters without much development. Also, the colonialist mindset is glaring, making it uncomfortable to read. I would not recommend this to modern readers, as there are far better adventure stories available.


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